End-stage renal disease (ESRD) occurs in people with advanced kidney failure when the kidneys are no longer able to perform their necessary function. Also known as end-stage kidney disease or kidney failure, end-stage renal disease occurs when the kidneys no longer meet the body’s needs.
Individuals diagnosed with this condition should seek out an end-stage renal disease specialist to learn about the available treatment options. A kidney transplant or dialysis may be necessary to manage your symptoms and give you the best quality of life possible.
End-Stage Renal Disease Affects the Entire Body
Kidneys remove waste and excess water from the body. However, when end-stage renal disease takes place, the kidneys can no longer function properly. Those who experience chronic kidney disease before developing end-stage renal disease may notice that the kidneys slowly stop working over a long period of time.
Not only are the kidneys affected, but a person may experience other health-related concerns. For instance, several chronic diseases can lead to end-stage renal disease. These diseases, such as vascular or glomerular disease, can affect the entire body. Lupus, diabetes, or tumors can affect the body as well.
Symptoms of End-Stage Renal Disease
End-stage renal disease is considered a progressive disorder, and timely renal replacement therapy is necessary to prevent death. The disorder is associated with hospitalizations, increased healthcare costs, and metabolic changes.
There is a wide variety of symptoms associated with end-stage renal disease. These symptoms affect numerous areas of the body. Some of these symptoms include:
- Anemia
- High blood pressure
- Muscle weakness
- Protein-energy malnutrition
- Changes in skin or nail color
- Loss of lean body mass
- Diarrhea
- Peripheral edema or pulmonary edema
- Impaired cognitive function
- Fatigue
- Sleep problems
- Dry skin
- Decreased libido
- Heart failure
- Excessive thirst
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Anorexia
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Headache
- Loss of appetite
- Itching
- Bone pain or aches
- Swelling of the feet or ankles
- Muscle twitching
- Bloody stools
A range of symptoms can affect not only a person’s kidneys but also other parts of their body. Unfortunately, those with end-stage renal disease may suffer from multiple uncomfortable symptoms of the disease.
The most common cause of death for those suffering from end-stage renal disease is cardiovascular disease, followed by infections. Although complications can occur, they are primarily due to vascular issues.
Treatment for End-Stage Renal Disease
Thankfully, there are treatment options for those living with end-stage renal disease. Treatment involves keeping the individual alive and healthy for as long as possible. Your doctor may prescribe medications.
Some of the medications that may be helpful include the following:
- Diuretics
- Statins
- Vitamin D
- Phosphate binders
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
- Erythropoietin-stimulating agents
- Calcitrol
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB)
Dialysis provides relief for the kidneys by helping the body filter blood. Another treatment option is a kidney transplant. Removing a damaged kidney and replacing it with a healthy kidney from an organ donor is a successful kidney transplant. If this is an option for you, you can live well with only one healthy kidney. However, those who receive a kidney transplant will need to take medication for the rest of their lives.
Find Quality Care From a Specialist
For those with end-stage renal disease, top-notch care is needed not just from a nutritionist, pharmacist, and primary care physician. Dr. Gura is a kidney specialist who can provide compassionate care to make you feel more comfortable. Our team of specialists can assist patients and provide quality care during this difficult time.
Contact us today to speak with one of our experts who can fill you in on our treatment plans. We focus on individual care and can tailor treatment to your specific health condition.